Is initially injected and the initial concentrations of the eruption products that affect radiative heating and lofting of the volcanic cloud. We found that the volcanic cloud evolution is sensitive to the altitude where volcanic debris Temperature response against available observations. The evolution of SO 2, SO 4 2 -, ash masses, stratospheric aerosol optical depth, surface area density (SAD), and the stratospheric We conducted multiple ensemble simulations with different injection configurations to test Injections of SO 2, volcanic ash, and water vapor. With the ozone cycle and aerosol formation, transport, and microphysics to calculate the 1991 Pinatubo volcanic cloud. We employ the ECHAM5/MESSy2 atmospheric chemistry general circulation model (EMAC) that incorporates calculations of gas-phase and heterogeneous chemistry coupled
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